ABSTRACT
Objective: The mental health problems and perceived needs of healthcare workers involved with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) may vary due to individual and contextual characteristics. The objective of this study was to evaluate healthcare workers' mental health problems during the common COVID-19 exposure scenario in Mexico, comparing those on the frontline with other healthcare workers according to gender and profession, determining the main risk factors for the most frequent mental health problems. Methods: A cross-sectional online study was conducted with a non-probabilistic sample of 5,938 Mexican healthcare workers who completed brief screening measures of mental health problems and ad hoc questions about sociodemographic professional characteristics, conditions related to increased risk of COVID-19 infection, life stressors during the COVID-19 emergency, and perceived need to cope with COVID-19. Results: The identified mental health problems were insomnia, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), all of which were more frequent in frontline healthcare workers (52.1, 37.7, and 37.5%, respectively) and women (47.1, 33.0 %, and 16.3%, respectively). A lack of rest time was the main risk factor for insomnia (OR = 3.1, 95%CI 2.6-3.7, p ≤ 0.0001). Mourning the death of friends or loved ones due to COVID-19 was the main risk factor for depression (OR = 2.2, 95%CI 1.8-2.7, p ≤ 0.0001), and personal COVID-19 status was the main risk factor for PTSD (OR = 2.2, 95%CI 1.7-2.9, p ≤ 0.0001). Conclusion: The most frequent mental health problems during the common exposure scenario for COVID-19 in Mexico included the short-term psychological consequences of intense adversity. A comprehensive strategy for preventing mental health problems should focus on individuals with cumulative vulnerability and specific risk factors.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Mental Health , COVID-19 , Anxiety , Disease Outbreaks , Cross-Sectional Studies , Health Personnel , Depression/epidemiology , SARS-CoV-2ABSTRACT
Resumen Los desastres naturales son un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de trastornos mentales, por lo que la atención a la salud mental de los afectados es prioritaria. Este texto tiene por objetivo describir la prestación de servicios de salud mental a los afectados por los sismos de septiembre de 2017 y las necesidades de la población. A partir de estas observaciones se concluye que es esencial que el país cuente con un Programa Nacional de Atención a la Salud Mental en Situaciones Críticas y Desastres, cuyas líneas de acción básica se describen en este artículo.
Abstract Natural disasters are a risk factor for the development of mental disorders, the mental health care of the affected population is a priority. The purpose of this text is to present the diagnosis on the provision of services and mental health needs of those affected by the earthquakes of September, 2017. From these observations it is concluded that a National Program for Mental and Psychosocial Health in Critical Situations and Disasters is essential, whose basic action lines are described in this article.
ABSTRACT
Introduction Developing mental health literacy in students and health professionals in general implies gaining abilities in recognizing and treating mental illnesses. In bipolar disorder, this is an important issue due that it helps reducing stigma and the treatment gap found in patients with this diagnosis. Objective To determine the associations between some variables of mental health literacy (illness, recognition, attributable causes and suggested treatment) about bipolar disorder with gender and perception of aggressiveness/dangerousness in a group of medical students. Material and methods One-hundred and three medical students from a public university in Mexico City completed the Aggressiveness Public Concept Questionnaire to assess mental health literacy and aggressiveness/dangerous-ness perception. Results 59.6% of students did not recognize the presence of a mental illness. As described symptoms were not considered as a manifestation of a mental disorder, 83.7% considered non-psychiatric interventions as the most adequate alternative for the management of the behaviors exposed in the vignette. 87.7% considered that the person described in the vignette was aggressive and 33.7% perceived the subject as dangerous. Discussion Campaigns of mental health literacy for medical students must be directed to improve recognition of the essential features of bipolar disorder, therapeutic options as well as the real prevalence and methods of prevention of aggressiveness of these patients.
Introducción La alfabetización en salud sental (ASM) por parte de estudiantes y profesionales de la salud implica su capacidad para reconocer la enfermedad mental y su adecuado manejo, y constituye un elemento esencial para reducir el estigma y la brecha de tratamiento de los pacientes con trastorno bipolar (TBP). Objetivo Determinar la asociación entre algunas variables de la ASM (reconocimiento, causas atribuibles y tratamiento sugerido) para el TBP con el género y la percepción de agresividad en un grupo de estudiantes de medicina. Material y métodos Ciento tres estudiantes de pregrado de la carrera de Medicina de una Universidad pública de la Ciudad de México completaron el Cuestionario de Concepto Público de Agresividad (CPA) para valorar la ASM y la percepción de agresividad/peligrosidad. Resultados El 59.6% de los estudiantes no reconocieron la presencia de una enfermedad mental. Al no considerar los síntomas como la manifestación de una enfermedad mental, el 83.7% sugirió intervenciones no psiquiátricas/no restrictivas para el manejo adecuado de las conductas expuestas en la viñeta clínica. El 87.7% de los estudiantes consideró que la persona descrita era agresiva y el 33.7% la percibió como peligrosa. Discusión Las campañas de ASM para estudiantes de medicina deben abocarse a incrementar el conocimiento de las características esenciales del TBP, las opciones de tratamiento así como la prevalencia real y métodos de prevención de la agresividad en estos pacientes.